• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The cable winch according to the invention is characterized by a cable drum (1) for winding and unwinding a cable (2), a main brake (5) that is operatively connected to the cable drum (1) for exerting a braking force on the cable drum (1), a drive ( 4) for rotating the cable drum (1) as well as a control for controlling the drive (4) for winding the cable (2) and for controlling the main brake (5) in terms of activating the main brake (5) or releasing the main brake (5 ). Furthermore, a drum lag brake (8) that can be actuated when the main brake (5) is released is provided to exert a braking force on the cable drum (1).
    公开号:CH714337B1
    申请号:CH01366/18
    申请日:2018-11-07
    公开日:2021-11-30
    发明作者:Pfanzelt Paul
    申请人:Pfanzelt Maschb Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a cable winch and a method for operating a cable winch.
    Cable winches are used, for example, in forestry, the operation of such cable winches is often not entirely unproblematic for an inexperienced operator. So the situation occurs again and again that the rope under tension has to be released. If the brake is suddenly opened for this purpose, the rope drum including the wound rope is accelerated sharply and, due to the inertia of the rope drums and rope, the rope is then rather unwound than is necessary to reduce the tension in the rope to zero. The unnecessarily and unintentionally unwound rope then forms a mess within the winch housing, so that when the rope is rewound, the rope is not properly reeled. This in turn means that a subsequent pulling out of the rope is only possible with additional effort. Furthermore, there is the risk that individual layers of rope will cross each other during winding and damage may occur to the rope, which can reduce the load-bearing capacity of the rope and cause dangerous situations.
    In order to avoid this problem when releasing the brake of a tensioned rope, the experienced operator uses what is known as "stutter release", in which the brake is repeatedly opened only briefly and then closed again.
    The invention is now based on the object of further improving the operation of a cable winch and, in particular, of making it safer for the inexperienced operator.
    According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 12.
    The cable winch according to the invention is characterized by a cable drum for winding and unwinding a cable, a main brake that is operatively connected to the cable drum for exerting a braking force on the cable drum, a drive for rotating the cable drum and a controller for controlling the drive for winding of the rope and to control the main brake in the sense of activating the main brake or releasing the main brake. Furthermore, a drum lag brake that can be actuated when the main brake is released is provided for exerting a braking force on the cable drum.
    When operating the winch according to the invention, the cable drum is driven in a first operating state via a drive in the sense of winding the rope and held in a second operating state by means of a main brake, while the main brake is released in a third operating state for unwinding the rope. In the third operating state, a drum overrun brake is activated to exert a frictional force on the cable drum.
    By activating the drum overrun brake, the drum is not accidentally accelerated when the main brake is released, so that uncontrolled unwinding of the rope is avoided. Since the drum overrun brake is only intended to prevent the drum from running on, the braking force of the drum overrun brake is significantly less than the braking force of the main brake. The braking force of the trailing brake is preferably less than 30%, preferably less than 20% and most preferably less than 10% of the braking force of the main brake.
    In the context of the invention it is conceivable that the drum overrun brake can be actuated electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the drum lag brake is formed by at least one brake element which can be adjusted between a braking position and a release position relative to the cable drum and which is in frictional engagement with the cable drum in the braking position. The cable drum can in particular have a flanged drum pulley which interacts with the adjustable braking element. In principle, however, the main brake and the drum trailing brake can be actuated independently of one another.
    According to a first embodiment of the invention, the drum overrun brake is attached to a housing of the cable winch and, in an activated state, comes into frictional engagement with the cable drum. The at least one braking element can be formed here, for example, by a direct current holding magnet.
    According to a second variant for actuating the at least one braking element, a sliding current lifting magnet or a direct current pulling magnet is provided which is in operative connection with the braking element, in particular via a lever mechanism. The braking force of the drum overrun brake can be increased by using a lever mechanism.
    According to a further embodiment variant, the drum overrun brake acts in its braking position independently of the main brake on the brake disks of the main brake. A lever mechanism can also be used here.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, the main brake and the drum lag brake can be controlled with at least a first and a second control signal, whereinthe main brake is only released for a certain time when activated with the first control signal and then acts again to hold the cable drum and the drum overrun brake is not activated when activated with the first control signal andthe main brake is released when activated with the second control signal until a next control signal and the drum overrun brake is activated at the same time for a predetermined period of time.
    The first control signal is intended in particular for applications in which the tensile stress on the rope has already been released. The second control signal is used in particular when the tension on the rope is to be relieved.
    So that the unwinding of the rope from the cable drum is unnecessarily difficult by the drum caster brake, it is provided according to a preferred embodiment of the invention that the drum caster brake is activated only for a predetermined (short) period of time, in particular for 1.5-3 seconds . This short period of time is sufficient to release the rope tension and prevent the rope drum from running unintentionally. After the short period of a few seconds, the rope can then be pulled out without the resistance of the two brakes.
    Furthermore, it can be provided that the drum overrun brake is deactivated not only at the end of the specified (short) period of time, but also when the operating state of the cable drum changes during the specified period of time. In particular when the cable drum is driven in the sense of pulling in the cable (first operating state). Furthermore, it has been found to be expedient if the drum overrun brake is deactivated after activation for the specified period of time and is only activated again when the cable winch was previously in the first operating state. It is also conceivable that the drum overrun brake is only activated if the main brake is released and the cable winch was previously in the first operating state or if the last activation of the drum overrun brake was shorter than the specified period of time. In both of these cases, it is to be expected that there is still enough residual tension on the rope that releasing a main brake leads to the unwanted acceleration of the rope drum.
    Further refinements of the invention are explained below with reference to the description of some exemplary embodiments and the drawing.
    1 shows a side view of a cable winch according to a first exemplary embodiment, FIG. 2 shows a sectional view along the line AA in FIG second exemplary embodiment and FIG. 5 shows a sectional illustration along line BB in FIG. 4.
    The cable winch shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a cable drum 1 for winding and unwinding a cable 2, which is mounted in a housing 3. The cable drum 1 is rotated via a drive 4, which in particular comprises a drive shaft 4a which is driven via a power take-off shaft of a towing vehicle or a motor flange-mounted to the cable winch. In addition, a coupling 4b is provided between the drive 4 and the cable drum 1 in order to transmit the rotary movement of the drive shaft to the cable drum. Furthermore, a main brake 5, which is operatively connected to the cable drum 1, is provided for exerting a braking force on the cable drum. The main brake is equipped with a large number of brake discs, for example. Both the clutch 4b and the main brake 5 are arranged here in the interior of the cable drum 1, which results in a compact design.
    Furthermore, a (radio) control 10 (Fig. 3) for controlling the drive 4 and the main brake 5 is provided. The controller 10 interacts with a programmable logic controller (PLC). During winding, the rope 2 is drawn in via a rope inlet 7 and wound up next to one another on the rope drum 1, with several rope layers being created. As soon as the pulling process (winding) is interrupted, the main brake 5 is activated to hold the cable drum 1 in place, whereby the cable 2 is under tension which, if the main brake 5 is suddenly released, leads to a strong acceleration of the cable drum in the sense of unwinding the cable would. So that the above-described, uncontrolled unwinding of the rope when releasing the main brake does not happen even if the "stutter release" is not used, a drum lag brake 8 is provided according to the invention, which in the illustrated embodiment by a between a braking position and a release position relative to the cable drum 1 adjustable braking element 9 is formed that is in frictional engagement with the cable drum 1 in the braking position. For this purpose, the cable drum 1 has a flanged drum flange 1a on the side coming into frictional engagement with the braking element 9. The drum trailing brake 8, which can be actuated independently of the main brake 5, is fastened to the housing 3 of the cable winch in the illustrated embodiment and, when activated, comes into frictional engagement with the cable drum 1 or with its flanged pulley 1a. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the braking element 9 is formed by at least one direct current holding magnet.
    The winch is between at leasta first operating state in which the main brake 5 is released and the drive 4 is activated in the sense of winding the cable 2,a second operating state in which the drive 4 is deactivated and the cable drum 1 is held by means of the main brake 5 anda third operating state in which the drive 4 is deactivated and the main brake 5 is released and the cable drum 1 can be operated in the sense of unwinding the cable 2.
    Fig. 3 shows a simplified (radio) control 10 for actuating the cable winch. For this purpose, a first button 11 for controlling the drive 4 in the sense of winding up the cable 2 and a second button 12 for releasing the main brake are provided in particular. The drive 4 is operated as long as the first button 11 remains pressed. If the first button 11 is released, the main brake 5 is automatically activated. The main brake 5 is released with the second button 12, with the option of only pressing the button briefly so that the main brake 5 is then reactivated immediately. If the second button 12 is pressed for a longer period, for example more than 2 seconds, a permanent release of the main brake 5 is activated, so that the main brake 5 remains deactivated even when the second button 12 is released. This condition is particularly desirable when the rope is to be pulled off by hand, for example. The controller 10 is part of the programmable logic controller (PLC), which releases the main brake 5 after a pulling process and when the second button 12 is pressed and at the same time activates the drum overrun brake. The drum overrun brake 8 is only activated for a (short) predetermined period of time, for example 1.5 to 3 seconds. This time is sufficient to reduce the tension present in the cable 2 to zero when the main brake 5 is released. After this predetermined time of a few seconds, the cable drum 1 is thus freely movable so that the cable 2 can be pulled out by hand. If the first button 11 (activation of the drive) is pressed during the predetermined period of a few seconds, the drum overrun brake 8 is automatically deactivated by the control.
    In addition to a braking element 9 designed as a direct current holding magnet, other configurations for the drum trailing brake 8 are of course also conceivable. The braking element could also be actuated via a lever mechanism, which would increase the friction pressure. For this purpose, a direct current lifting magnet in particular could be used to activate the braking element.
    In Figures 4 and 5, a second embodiment is shown in more detail. Here, a drum overrun brake 8 'is provided, which in its braking position act independently of the main brake 5 via a direct current lifting magnet 13 and a toggle lever mechanism 14 and transmission elements 15 and 16 on the brake disks 6 of the main brake 5. The transmission elements 15 can in particular be designed as pins which act on the brake disks 6 in such a way that a braking force acts on the cable drum 1.
    The braking force with which the drum overrun brake 8, 8 'acts on the cable drum 1 is many times smaller than the braking force of the main brake 5. It is to be selected depending on the size of the cable winch so that there is sufficient braking force on the cable drum is exercised in order to prevent the cable drum from running unintentionally when the main brake 5 is released, but on the other hand it enables the cable to relax when the main brake 5 is released.
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1]
    1. Cable winch with a cable drum (1) for winding and unwinding a cable (2), a main brake (5) in operative connection with the cable drum (1) for exerting a braking force on the cable drum (1), a drive (4) for rotating the cable drum (1) and a control (10) for controlling the drive for winding the cable (2) and for controlling the main brake (5) in the sense of activating the main brake (5) or releasing the main brake (5),characterized bya following drum brake (8, 8 ') which can be actuated when the main brake (5) is released to exert a frictional force on the cable drum (1).
    [2]
    2. Cable winch according to claim 1, characterized in that the drum trailing brake (8, 8 ') can be actuated electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically.
    [3]
    3. Cable winch according to claim 1, characterized in that the drum trailing brake (8, 8 ') is formed by at least one brake element (9) which is adjustable between a braking position and a release position relative to the cable drum (1) and which, in the braking position, is connected to the cable drum ( 1) is in frictional engagement.
    [4]
    4. Cable winch according to claim 3, characterized in that the cable drum has a flanged drum flange (1a) which cooperates with the adjustable braking element (9).
    [5]
    5. Cable winch according to claim 3, characterized in that the at least one braking element (9) is formed by at least one direct current holding magnet.
    [6]
    6. Cable winch according to claim 1, characterized in that the main brake and the drum trailing brake (8, 8 ') can be actuated independently of one another.
    [7]
    7. Cable winch according to claim 1, characterized in that the drum trailing brake (8, 8 ') is attached to a housing (3) of the cable winch and is in frictional engagement with the cable drum (1) in an activated state.
    [8]
    8. Cable winch according to claim 1, characterized in that the cable winch is between, at least- A first operating state in which the main brake (5) is released and the drive is activated in the sense of winding the cable (2),- A second operating state in which the drive (4) is deactivated and the cable drum (1) is held by means of the main brake (5) and- A third operating state in which the drive (4) is deactivated and the main brake (5) is released and the cable drum (1) can be operated in the sense of unwinding the cable (2),is switchable.
    [9]
    9. Cable winch according to claim 1, characterized in that the main brake (5) has brake disks (6) and the drum trailing brake (8, 8 ') in its braking position independently of the main brake (5) on the brake disks (6) of the main brake (5) acts.
    [10]
    10. Cable winch according to claim 3, characterized in that a direct current lifting magnet is in operative connection with the braking element (9) to actuate the at least one braking element (9).
    [11]
    11. Cable winch according to claim 10, characterized in that the braking element (9) is in operative connection with the braking element (9) via a lever mechanism.
    [12]
    12. A method for operating a cable winch according to one of claims 1 to 11 with a cable drum (1) for winding and unwinding a cable (2), wherein the cable drum (1) in a first operating state via a drive (4) in the sense of a Winding of the rope (2) is driven, is held in a second operating state by means of a main brake (5) and the main brake (5) is released in a third operating state for unwinding the rope (2),characterized in that, in the third operating state, a drum lag brake (8, 8 ') is activated to exert a frictional force on the cable drum (1).
    [13]
    13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the main brake (5) and the drum trailing brake (8, 8 ') can be controlled with at least a first and a second control signal, wherein- the main brake (5) is only released for a certain time when activated with the first control signal and then acts again to hold the cable drum (1) in place and the drum overrun brake (8, 8 ') is not activated when activated with the first control signal and- the main brake (5) is released when activated with the second control signal until a next control signal and the drum overrun brake (8, 8 ') is activated simultaneously for a predetermined period of time.
    [14]
    14. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the drum lag brake (8, 8 ') is activated only for a predetermined period of time, in particular for 1.5 to 3 seconds.
    [15]
    15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the drum lag brake (8, 8 ') is deactivated again when the end of a predetermined period of time or a change in the operating state of the cable drum (1) occurs during the predetermined period of time.
    [16]
    16. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the drum overrun brake (8, 8 ') is deactivated after activation for the predetermined period of time and is only activated again when the cable winch (1) was previously in the first operating state.
    [17]
    17. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the drum trailing brake (8, 8 ') is only activated when the main brake (5) is released and the cable winch (1) was previously in the first operating state or when the last activation of the Drum overrun brake (8, 8 ') was shorter than the specified period of time.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT520586A2|2019-05-15|
    DE102017126212B3|2019-05-02|
    CH714337A2|2019-05-15|
    AT520586A3|2019-10-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    NO145091C|1977-08-29|1982-01-13|Elkem Spigerverket As|BRAKE DEVICE FOR ELEVATOR DRUM.|
    DE8434599U1|1984-11-26|1986-04-03|Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München|Counterbalance device|
    DE4328210C1|1993-08-21|1994-09-08|Habegger Maschf|Portable cable-line machine|
    DE9316163U1|1993-10-23|1994-08-11|Brokmann Juergen|Follow-up braking device for securing slack rope on the winch of an inclined elevator|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102017126212.1A|DE102017126212B3|2017-11-09|2017-11-09|Method for operating a winch|
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